Braking systems of trains

The density of the brake line to the freight trains used to determine, as in the passenger, ie, a decrease in line pressure within 1 min. This value should not have been more than 0.2 kgf/cm2. After covering a combined valve and equalizing the pressure along the length of highway needed to measure how much lower the pressure in the line for 1 min. This decrease in pressure occurred throughout the volume of the brake network, including the spare tank. For example, if the length of a freight train 220 axes (55 four-car) the amount of brake network is 5720 liters (26 liters per axis), including the 4290 liter tanks have to spare. When the diffuser № 219 and 292 in passenger cars and the number 320 and 135 trucks have air leakage and pressure reduction occurs in both lines, and in the spare tank, since the latter are reported to the highway.

With the use of diffusers № 270, 483 when checking the density of the line indicated by the amount of spare tanks off from the highway-return valve. Reducing the pressure only occurs in the brake line, the working chamber and the slide, which amount to about one fifth of the entire volume of the brake network. Air leakage is largely take place in the line connections. Therefore, at the same drain, determines the amount of compressed air, reducing the line pressure at the diffuser 270 number will be five times more than the diffuser number 320 and 135, ie, 1.0 kg/cm2 in a minute, instead of 0.2 kgf/cm2.

Currently, freight cars are equipped mainly diffuser № 270, 483. In the case of overlap of the combined tap with the maximum allowable air leakage will inevitably occur in the train brake. Braked with a long freight train, promote, and the difference in pressure in the head and tail parts of the main duct. For this reason, and has changed the method of checking the density of the brake line for freight trains.

The density of the brake line to the freight trains on the estimated time of pressure reduction in the main tank of the locomotive at 0.5 kg/cm2. The time is dependent on the length of the main highways and reservoirs and is given in the instructions TST-TSV-TSNII/3969 in tabular form.

For every 1000 liters of the main tank while the smallest allowable pressure drop of 0.5 kg/cm2, depending on the length of the composition is as follows: up to 100 axes - 50, 101 - 150 -35 with axes, axes 151-200 - 25, 201 - 250 axles - 22, 251-300 axles - 20, 301-350 axes - 17 sec, 351-400 axles - 15, 401-450 axles - 13, 451 - 480 axles - 11c. At a higher volume of the main reservoirs of time proportional to the rate increase. When checking the density with pressure 6.0-6.2 kgf/cm2 charging standard time reduced by 20%.

Check-in time reduce the pressure in the main reservoirs of 0.5 kg/cm2 is performed after the compressor has a pressure regulator and the subsequent pressure decrease by 0.4 - 0.5 kg/cm2. Such a preliminary reduction of pressure occurs more rapidly due to the influence of the pressure change is not only leak, but released to the cooling of the main reservoirs of heated during compression in the compressor air.